Manufacture of insulating or protective compounds.



. cent LUDWIG vietenrin tinnen, or immonet, cenicienta nieiiimcroneor electorate `on r-eoreorrne een;eentoetst l ,SPECXFICATQN forming Lettere ii'atent No 713,190,

elated Xii'ovember 11, 1002.

applicant intere-y 13,1301. sereine: 60.115. (No memes e To all whom it may concern;

' haveapplied fera patent 22, 1901';"inRuseia,

" attempted' by a `variety jorty et compositions used. for 254 principal f ingredient.

ltely, Merch 26, 1901,) `is` a'ull, clear, and exact specification. 1 i The exclusion luencesfror'nsurfaces of xneteLrstone, wood, .and othermaterialsMin other wertls,thein Beit known thtl, CARL Leevi/'ie 'VALEN- TINZMMER, doctor of philosophy, residing` 'at Schferkamp-.Allee,`

many, have inventedcertain new anti 11e-etal iT-lem hn rg, Ger- `lmproven'iente in the iienniacture et 'in-snleting or Protective Compounds, (for which uery 4, 1901; in Austria, March 8, 1901; in France,` March 15, 190,1; in Belgium, March 10, 1901;' in Spain,` March 16, 1901; in linngery, Merch 18, 1901;

Y March 16, 100i; in Norwayflvarclill, 190.1; in Sweden, March 2&3, 1901;` in Denmarhliierch 23, 1901, end in of moisture and chemical in- ;sulation'or protection ot said surfaces .from moisture and chemicalse-hesbeen eitected er of methods,the ma` this i purpose containing some constituent of' vtar es their -Noneo' these co1n pounds are,.however, Jfree from objections. Some can be applied only in a hot condition and are thenallowed. todry and solidify on coolinf. i Consequently they ceuld'not be neoclcenveniently on Walls end other upright ser faces, anc; itwas difficult to Iproduce with `them a perfectly uniform coating., )their protective or insulating,r media gradually l)e comehrittle and form. scales, and ctheie Cio not oiiersufcient'resistance to the iniiuence of che icele, such as acid, or alkaline liquide or salt solutions. One of the principal dcfects of the protective paints hitherto lr nown consists in their inability tojollow the expan sion of the object painted,vwhich is caused by changes of temperature, in consequence oi? which the surface or protective paint forms creeks, allowing moisture or chemicals to penetrate. y

The present invention hee for its object to provide an insulating substance or protective coating which is free from. the above detects, which can be easily applied to any sciiti. body requiring to be thus protected, which firmly adheres to the article coated and clones it completely against the atmosphere, hocico@ in Germany, lich.

being completely inert to chemicals anti capable of following the expeneion con traction of the objects coetedvvithont ever forming crache or scaling off. ,The manufacture of protective medium ie'iiia'serl on the following fante: if' animal or vegetable tate or cile ere exposed at e high teinpemtnre and for a, long time to the ini'lnence oi oxiaiizing of substances, such as enlinr, which cre ce.u pabie ot forming additive compounds with. nneatnrated fatty acide, 1while removing the i' lonlole bonti of the oer-oon atome, 'they will dually get thicker, as is Well known, until attain the coneistenoyoi eyrnp. A einni- Jocess teiten place also 'in cane the tats aan 'tore or (l nringthis Vtreffitnitm i; are 'partly mpietely eaponiled hy'snea' 'roi eilraliee atanccs which lieve anianaleggone effect, roucts obtained by the prolonged eci the thickening enloetencee on n neepcnl tieni nti. also upon completely or partly nu saponitied fats .and4 cile it teiten alon are not sniteble tor the purpose in vieW-- ie to Say, ne innulntng or protective mooie-er they have very little value for tiret pnlpoee. "if, however, the thickeneil prod nets obtained from completely er pertlylsaponiiiedfate and oils are enhjecte-imnneer certein oontlitions to the actfgn. et' considerable quantities of bituminous inatter-auch" as bito nnen, .fossil resin, or euhetences hayingthe nature of aephalt--or if the cerne substances allowed. to act siinult-olneorfely will?. a Small ,quantity et alkali en 'the thickened, Vprooi'ucts ,meile from nnsaponiiietl fate, products ereobteineti which when tlinsolvolfi or diluted with suitable solvents-enen eelight ter-oiie,pctroleuin-naphtha, or oil of turpentine-eoneti tute the insulating or protective medinm haw ing the properties stated above. Although the utility of the thickened 'fatty bodies as insulating or protective linedia in enhanced by merely mixing the same thoroughly' with the bituminous substances at e higher than atmospheric temperature, a mnch better eff' feet, end consequently e material far more suitable for the pnrpesein view, may be obtained by heating the fatty metter with the the insulating 0r ESQv mixture of thickened f tionhas taken fatty matter with bituminous matter, but that a chemical reacplace between the bodies of the two groups. The heatingr of the thickcnedy unsaponified or saponified fatty body with vthe bituminous matter may take place while the thickening process is being performed or after it has been completed. The proportions between the fatty body, on the one hand, and the bitumen or. analogouslaody, on `the other hand, may vary. One part of lbitumen to four parts of fatty matter has given good results. The temperature during the' thickening of the fatty body and during 4the heating of thelatterwith the bitumen may be raised up to about 200 centigrade.

It follows fromjthe above description that' the most important features or operations of the present process are the thickening of the fatty, bodyand the prolongedheatiug of the product with bitumen or analogous bodies.

' Example: From three to'four parts of cotton-seed oil are mixed with one part of bitumen, and to themixture is added the approximate quantty'of caustic-soda solutionnecessary for saponifying the glycerides. After saponification the temperature is gradually raised to about 200 centigrade, thereby causing the water to evaporate. At this temperature airis now vcond ucted into the mixture for about forty to fty hours. If the air inl troduced into the mixture has been previously enriched with oxygen, the duration of the. process maybe reduced to about four to ten hours. I The insulating or protective medium produced as described above may be used by dissolving it in light tar-oil, oil of turpentine, or other suitable solvent and then applying itn rto the surface of the object vto be protected" by thesame, the solvent being subsequently allowed toy evaporate and leaving behind a homogeneous vcoating or film which adheres very firmly and is not liable to get cracks or fissures. The objects thus coated may be bent Without damaging the film 'and causing it to scale off. The film'or coating is not materially altered by contact with chemicals,

such as acid or alkaline liquids or solutions on fire or b urn and may therefore serve in a certain degree as a protection from fire.l i

-- Vhat I claim is- 1. The process for the manufacture of a damp-proof insulating or protective medium, which consists in continuously heating at a temperature up to 200 centigrade, a vegetable or animal fat with a saponifying agent, and oxygen or its equivalent, to thicken the composition, and bituminous matter, sub- 6o stantially as described.

2. The process for the manufacture of a damp-proof insulating orl protective medium, which consists in mixing three to four parts of cottonseed oil with one part of bitumen, 65 adding the approximate quantity of alkali solution necessary for saponifyiug the glycerides, heating until the saponiication iscomv plted, then gradually raising the' temperatur to about 200 oentigrade, and nally in- 7o troducing air, while maintaining the tempeigature, substantially as described. v

3L The process for the manufacture `of a damp-proof protective medium,.which consists in mixi g cotton-seed. oil with bitumen, then adding caustic-alkali solution forsaponifying the glycerdes, heating untiltlie' saponifcation is complete, subsequently? raising the temperature to about 200D centigrade, and finally introducing air enriched'with oxygen, 8c while maintaining the temperature, substantially as described.

4. lA damp-proof insulating or protective material obtained from animal or vegetable fat, asaponifying agent, oxygen or its equivaient to thicken the composition, and' bituminous matter, substantially as described.

5. .A damp-proof insulating or protective material obtained from cottonseed oil, alkali solution, bitumen and air, substantially as 9c described.

vIi'xj'testimony that I claim the foregoing asmy invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, CARL LUDWIG VALENTIN ZIMMER. Witnesses:

MAX MULLER,

' ALFRED DIETRICH. 

